Sir, I have very great pleasure in bringing forward this Bill before the House. The creation of an all-India Institute of this nature was first mooted by what is known as the Bhore Committee in their Report. That Committee toured all over India, went into the question of the health services in India, the means that provided those health service, ways of combating the lack of those services and also how best we could maintain high standards of medical education and thereby promote the scientific knowledge of modern medicine in our own land with all the experience and all the clinical material available to us in our own country, in the background of our own country, including the villages, rather than send a few of our students abroad to go in for further post-graduate study. Now, this institute is going to lay primary emphasis on post-graduate studies. As I have just said, it is said that today, up till now we have had to depend on scholarships, whether Governmental or from abroad such as the Rockefeller Foundation is good enough to give us, to send a few chosen representatives of the medical profession to outside countries to get their post-graduate studies in the various limbs of the medical profession. I have always felt that it would be even much better for us if we could give the same knowledge as these young men and women acquire by going abroad in our own country. Further, if we have an Institute of this nation, we shall thereby be able to control the standard of education; we shall be even able to make changes in the curriculum of our medical education and thereby give not only to this country but also, through our country, tot eh world, something different --- something that we from our rare experiences will be able to find as we go along this exploratory path of progress. As I have often said, it has been one of my cherished dreams that an institute of this nature should come into being and that through it we may be able to serve our own people better, especially the people who live in our villages. Ours education institutions have up till now been always located in the cities. This is also being located in Delhi -- you may say a city -- but we are going to have village hospitals. When I refer to medical education, I refer to modern medical education. At the very outset, I would like to say that perhaps there might be a little confusion in the minds of some Members of this House, as there certainly was in the minds of the Members of the Lok Sabha, that because this Institute is called the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, it should also include sciences other than modern medicine. I have to say that if I had not been given a very large sum of money, a million and a quarter pounds, by the New Zealand Government under the Colombo Plan, to start an Institute of modern medicine, I should probably never have been able to get our Government to give me that amount of money to start with. This is not a new scheme. it has been before both Houses because money for it has been budgeted over the last four years. There have been same delays in starting it but there was no question ever of this Institute being anything except one for developing sciences which are allied to modern medicine. Now, Modern medicine includes ever so many sciences which, with the dynamic progress which this science makes, are increasing in number every day. I go further and say that what modern medicine constitutes today, is the sum total of all the knowledge gleaned through all the long years lived on this early, as far as we can know, and just as I have no doubt that in the old days the Arab world called their science Unani, that is to say, they too it from Greece, and probably ancient Greece and ancient India had contacts too. I have no doubt either that modern medicine in the initial stages took a great deal from Ayurveda or that science of life as propounded by our ancients. But there is no doubt also that Ayurveda remained static. We should do all in our power now to revise Ayurveda and through Ayurveda give what it has to give to enrich the broad stream of modern medicine, which we have accepted as the basic means of giving relief to our people in this country. WE cannot in this one vital science go backward or remain static or say that we will not progress with the rest of the world. Even when we were discussing the Red Cross bill one Member said that it was too modern, it was too Western. But surely in the world in which we line, we must take everything that is good from every part of the world. We cannot live to ourselves.