Peru is a South American country bordered by Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile, with a long coastline along the Pacific Ocean. It is famous for being the heart of the Inca Empire, whose legacy remains visible in sites like Machu Picchu, one of the most iconic archaeological wonders in the world. The capital, Lima, is a bustling coastal city known for its colonial architecture and reputation as a center of world-class cuisine. Spanish is the official language, but Quechua and Aymara are also widely spoken, reflecting the country’s strong Indigenous heritage. Peru's geography is remarkably diverse, ranging from the towering Andes mountains to the vast Amazon rainforest. The economy depends on mining, agriculture, and tourism, with gold, copper, and coffee among its leading exports. Peru is also celebrated for its cultural festivals, traditional textiles, and contributions to global gastronomy, including ceviche and quinoa.