Bangladesh, a nation born from struggle, has made remarkable economic strides, yet faces persistent challenges. Its economy, valued at around $460 billion (nominal GDP), is primarily driven by the ready-made garment (RMG) industry, which accounts for over 80% of exports. Remittances from overseas workers are another crucial pillar, contributing significantly to foreign exchange reserves and household incomes. The country has experienced consistent GDP growth, averaging over 6% in the past decade, lifting millions out of poverty. However, this growth is not without its vulnerabilities. The heavy reliance on the RMG sector makes the economy susceptible to global demand fluctuations and competition. Recent global economic downturns and the COVID-19 pandemic have exposed these vulnerabilities, impacting export earnings. Other sectors, including agriculture (employing a large portion of the population) and emerging sectors like pharmaceuticals and IT, contribute to the economy. Agriculture, while crucial for food security, faces challenges like climate change, land scarcity, and traditional farming practices. The services sector is expanding, driven by telecommunications, finance, and transportation. Key challenges include poverty (though declining), income inequality, and unemployment, particularly among youth. Infrastructure deficits, including inadequate transportation, power supply, and port facilities, hinder economic diversification and growth. Climate change poses a significant threat, with Bangladesh being highly vulnerable to floods, cyclones, and sea-level rise, impacting agriculture and displacing populations. The government has implemented policies to diversify the economy, improve infrastructure, and attract foreign investment. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are being established to promote industrialization. Efforts to improve the ease of doing business and strengthen governance are ongoing. Looking ahead, Bangladesh aims to achieve upper-middle-income status. Diversification of exports, developing skilled labor, and addressing climate change are critical for sustainable and inclusive growth. Regional connectivity and trade, along with continued social development, will play vital roles in its economic trajectory.