The Indian Judiciary can be divided into two main categories, higher judiciary and lower judiciary. Higher Judiciary includes High Courts and Supreme Court the rest is lower judiciary. The process of appointment to lower judiciary is carried out by the state public service commissions or through the high courts. The process usually involves written examination which includes preliminary objective test and then a mains subjective test. Once you qualify it you are subject to the interview after which if cleared you become a judge in the lower judiciary. There are another examination that are conducted by the High Court for induction of Judges at the level of Additional District Judges, this is called Higher Judicial Services while it is higher than a the PCSJ in rank, in overall scheme of things it is still lower judiciary. The process for HJS is also same but it requires an experience as a Judge or a Lawyer of minimum of 7 years. These two posts are regularly promoted an eventually some make it to the high courts. The appointment to this judiciary is done through promotion from lower judiciary or through direct elevation of practicing lawyers who has been an advocate for at least 10 years in high court. In case of Supreme Court they are appointed though direct elevation and promotion from high courts if they have been a judge for at least 5 years in High court Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts are appointed by the president. The President is required to hold consultations with such judges of the Supreme Court and of the High Courts as he may deem necessary. Till 1981, the appoi8ntment of Judges was made by the government. The process in the constitution mentioned that the appointments shall be made in consultations with the chief justice.